R Programming

In R, factors are used to represent categorical data. They store both the values and the possible categories (called levels) that the values can take. Factors are especially useful in …

In R, a matrix is a two-dimensional data structure that stores elements of the same type (numeric, character, or logical). Matrices are widely used in data analysis, statistics, and mathematical …

In R, a vector is the most basic data structure and is essential for data analysis and manipulation. A vector is a sequence of elements of the same data type, …

In R, an array is a data structure that can store data in multiple dimensions. Unlike vectors, which are one-dimensional, and matrices, which are two-dimensional, arrays can be multi-dimensional (i.e., …

In R, a list is a versatile data structure that can store elements of different types, such as numbers, strings, vectors, and even other lists. Unlike vectors, which can only …

In R, strings are used to represent and manipulate text data. Strings are a sequence of characters enclosed in either single quotes (‘) or double quotes (“). R provides a …

In R, functions are fundamental building blocks for structuring code and reusing logic. Functions allow you to encapsulate a set of instructions, take input (arguments), perform actions, and return results. …

Loops in R allow you to iterate over a sequence of elements, repeating a block of code multiple times. This is especially useful for automating repetitive tasks, working with collections …

In R, decision-making structures allow you to execute certain blocks of code based on the outcome of logical conditions. These conditional statements let your program react to different situations, which …

In R, operators are symbols or keywords used to perform operations on variables or values. Operators in R are used for mathematical calculations, logical comparisons, and manipulating data. In this …